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Maltese

Updated on June 17, 2025
Maltese lion dog, Ancient Dog of Malta, Roman Ladies’ Dog, Melita
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The Maltese is a small, affectionate companion known for its silky white coat and loving personality. This gentle and playful breed thrives on close companionship and fits well in a variety of homes, especially with owners who enjoy cuddling and daily interaction.

Temperament

Affectionate, Playful, Gentle

Colors

White

Characteristic card iconWEIGHT

Under 7 Pounds

Characteristic card iconHEIGHT

7 - 9 Inches

Characteristic card iconLIFE EXPECTANCY

12 - 15 Years

Maintenance Level

Low Maintenance

High Maintenance

Friendliness

Reserved

Extroverted

About Maltese

Maltese are the perfect companion if you want a small dog in your life. These fluffy white munchkins are cuddly and full of love. They always want to be beside you, and will follow you anywhere you go. Since they lack an undercoat, the breed is considered to be hypoallergenic. Maltese are gentle, and playful when they want to be. Even when they’re older, Maltese are full of energy throughout the day. Some people describe these cuddly dogs as stuffed animals come to life! The Maltese is a cute and charming dog with a loving personality.

Origin: Mediterranean Basin Other Names: Maltese lion dog, Ancient Dog of Malta, Roman Ladies’ Dog, Melita

Toy Group

The diminutive size and winsome expressions of Toy dogs illustrate the main function of this Group: to embody sheer delight.

Breed Appearance

The American Kennel Club (AKC) recognizes just one coat color in the Maltese: white. The breed has a black nose and brown eyes. The coat is silky and lacking an undercoat. Most Maltese have long coats and often sport a tied-up hairdo with one or two topknots.

Their body is fragile and delicate. They have dropped ears that can have a yellow or tan lining sometimes. The expressive Maltese face has a warm look and gentle complexion.

White coat example

Size & Weight

Maltese are very small dogs. A fully-grown maltese weighs 7 pounds with a height of 7-9 inches.
Full Grown
Female
7 in. / 7 lbs.
Male
9 in. / 7 lbs.
Height is measured up to the shoulders.

Characteristics

Size
TinyJumbo
Weight
LightHeavy
Shedding
MinimalAbundant
Coat Length
ShortLong
Grooming Frequency
OccasionalFrequent
Living Space
City apartmentRanch
Exercise
Couch potatoBring it on!
Climate
WarmCold
Personality
AntisocialOutgoing
Protection
NoneBodyguard
Behavior with Kids
Always monitorBabysitter
Training
HeadstrongObedient
Barking
MuteLoud

How to Care for a Maltese

Caring for a Maltese includes regular grooming to maintain their long coat, along with gentle training, daily play and a balanced diet. With consistent care and attention, this affectionate breed thrives as a devoted companion.

Cost of Owning

On average, owning a middle-aged Maltese costs around $800 per year
$250Vet Care
$200Grooming & Boarding
$200Food & Treats
$150Other

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Cross Breeds

Select a Breed to Cross

Choose a breed from the dropdown to see potential crosses.

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Fun Facts

Royalty love their Maltese dogs. You can find records of aristocratic Maltese owners from Greece, Rome, Egypt, and many other empires of the Mediterranean. Queen Elizabeth I and Mary Queen of Scots both had Maltese in their royal houses.

Maltese are prized today for their therapeutic qualities as companion animals. You can find them in nursing homes, rehabilitation facilities, disaster areas, and even in schools. Petting their soft fur and basking in their boundless love can help people recover from trauma and other medical issues.

Wealthy American real estate magnate Leona Helmsley died in 2007, leaving twelve million dollars to her treasured Maltese called “Trouble.” The government stepped in and reduced the amount by ten million dollars, but that was enough to keep Trouble living in style long after her owner’s untimely death.

Maltese noses can change color. This phenomenon is often called “winter nose” or “snow nose” and occurs when Maltese don’t get enough sunlight. The medical name is hypopigmentation and it’s usually harmless. The color change can become permanent in older dogs.

History

The origin of the Maltese breed is contested in the academic community. While the island of Malta lends its name to the breed, it likely didn’t originate there. Some researchers believe the Maltese came from Spitz dogs around the lakes of modern-day Switzerland. Others think it’s related to the Tibetan terrier from Asia. No one knows for sure, but the oldest record of a Maltese comes from an ancient Greek amphora (clay jar) dating back to 500 BC. You can find references to the “Melita” dog all throughout Greek and Roman literature. Some Greeks even built elaborate tombs for some of their Maltese companions.

The breed wasn’t always so small, but it was usually prized as a great companion dog whenever it appears in historical records. Sometime around 1700 to 1800, Maltese breeders shrank the breed to dangerously small dimensions. The Maltese was almost lost to extinction, but a crossbreeding program with other small dogs helped bring the Maltese back. By the late 19th century, the Maltese was a fixture in dog competitions. The American Kennel Club recognized the breed in 1888.

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