My African side neck turtle has a white dot. When should I see a vet?

White spots on an aquatic turtle is often related to husbandry - most specifically the quality of the water. Aquatic turtles can be very dirty, and therefore they challenge most water filtration systems and it can be difficult to keep the water clean. I would recommend reviewing your husbandry with a care sheet, such as those for soft shelled turtles on Reptiles Magazine's website, and ensuring that it is as perfect as possible. You can see if the white spots are attached or if there is something just growing on the surface of your turtle - you can use Q-tips or a cloth to try to gently wipe them off, but be careful that you don't wipe too hard and hurt the turtle, and use caution in case Shiro tries to bite while you are trying this. If the white spots do not come off, I would recommend that Shiro is seen by a veterinarian. The spots may be bacterial or fungal growth from water quality problems, as mentioned above, but they may also be a growth of tissue as well. A veterinarian can sample the area, and look at the material under the microscope to determine what it is composed of. From there, they can make recommendations about diagnostic tests or treatments that can be used.

You can use a soft bristled toothbrush to gently scrub the area. Maintain clean water and provide a health, balanced diet along with adequate UVB lighting and vitamin supplementation. all these will promote shell and overall health. Monitor for spread, bleeding, lethargy, loss of appetite, softness or pitting. These are symptoms that should be addressed by your veterinarian or a vet experienced in treating reptiles. If you can provide the species of turtle and an image or two in a new post, we may be able to provide more specific advice.

The "dots" on the sides of his head may be his tympanic membrane that covers the auditory canal. The spot on top may be local infection or a smudge of dirt or food. Use a moist cotton swab and gently wipe it. Since Shelby is new to you, a physical exam with your veterinarian or a vet experienced in treating reptiles would be recommended. This exam can confirm good health or may diagnose any pre existing conditions.

It could be local infection. Monitor it for change or growth. You can gently cleanse the area using diluted betadine or chlorhexidine once or twice daily. Confirm adequate water quality to prevent secondary infection and to promote healing. Consider increasing the water and basking temperatures by a few degrees to aid in recovery. Ideally, a UVB light source should be provided for 12-14 hours daily. It should be no more than 14 inches away from the basking spot and unblocked by either glass or plexiglass for maximum benefits. If the spot does not heal or spreads, have Tabby examined by your veterinarian or a vet experienced in treating reptiles. You can read more about care at this link: http://www.anapsid.org/reslider.html

Keep the water as clean as possible. You may need to empty and scrub the tank then perform partial water changes frequently. If you can handle it safely, gently scrub the spot with a dilute betadine solution. Allow him to dry thoroughly afterwards. Do this daily for two weeks. If the water changes and scrubbing don't work, dissolve 2 tablespoons of plain aquarium salt (NOT table salt). Per gallon of water in a large basin and dip him in it. Allow him to dry before returning to his main tank. Do this daily for two weeks. If the spot still doesn't clear up or if it spreads, he will need to be physically examined by your veterinarian or an experienced herp vet.

I think this could be shell rot, however, t is impossible for me to diagnose this over the internet with just a photo. It is always best to get an in-person exam from your local reptile vet. Here is a link to an article about this problem: ( http://www.reptilesmagazine.com/Turtles-Tortoises/Turtle-Care/Turtle-Shell-Rot/ ) Shell rot is almost always due to improper husbandry. Please review your husbandry carefully and make sure you are doing everything 100% correct. ( http://www.reptilesmagazine.com/Care-Sheets/Turtles-Tortoises/Painted-Turtle/ ) Best wishes.

Thanks for reaching out about Muddy and including photos. By the photos, the lesions do not appear serious. White lesions can appear from other traumas, of which algae can invade. Scrubbing the shell, and keeping water quality good, should work well. If lesions grow, seeking an appointment with a reptile veterinarian is recommended. Good luck.