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Acetylcysteine is generally utilized when treating toxicity due to oxidative stress, tissue damage and may be nebulized to break down mucus buildup.
Acetaminophen toxicity, phenol toxicity, mucus buildup
Mucomyst
Dogs and cats
N-acetylcysteine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, NAC, Acetadote, ACC
Antidote
Yes
Should be safe during pregnancy, unknown if drug is transferred to milk
GI upset, hives, chest tightness, bronchoconstriction, bronchial or tracheal irritation
Acetylcysteine may be used as an antidote to acetaminophen, xylitol and phenol toxicities. It can also be nebulized to break down mucus buildup.
While many medications are often administered for ‘off-label’ or 'extra-label' use in veterinary medicine, it is important to know that off- or extra- label use of a medication can only be done by a veterinarian when there are no other more appropriate medications for a particular pet's circumstances. Your veterinarian must also know all vitamins, supplements, medications etc. your pet is taking to help avoid complications. You must also be sure to follow all instructions provided by your vet carefully and consult your veterinarian with any questions or concerns if they arise.
Acetaminophen toxicity, phenol toxicity, mucus buildup.
Acetylcysteine may reduce the extent of liver injury or methemoglobinemia after ingestion of acetaminophen by providing an alternate substrate for metabolization. When administered into the pulmonary tree, acetylcysteine reduces the viscosity of mucoid secretions and expedites their removal through coughing.
Dogs and cats, for acetaminophen toxicity: oral loading dose of 140 milligrams per kilogram (diluted to 5% solution) followed by 70 milligrams per kilogram by mouth every 6 hours for 7 treatments; should be spaced from activated charcoal administration by 2-3 hours.
Dogs and cats, for respiratory use: 50 milliliters per hour for 30-60 minutes every 12 hours by nebulization.
Available in a 10% and 20% solution in 4, 10, 30 and 100 milliliter vials.
Review label for detailed instructions specific to the product. When unopened, store at room temperature. After opening, vials should be kept refrigerated and used within 96 hours. Products labeled for IV use should be discarded after 24 hours.
When used for toxicities, results will often depend on the amount time between toxic exposure and treatment, condition of the animal and may not be immediately evident. When used for mucus buildup, results should be expected with the first couple of doses.
If a dose is missed, continue with the next dosage at the scheduled time. Never administer doses back-to-back, if it is nearly time for the next dose skip the missed dose and continue with the scheduled timing provided by your veterinarian.
Other than the common side effects, the drug is considered safe in most overdose situations.
Oral administration:
Inhaled administration:
*Do not use in cases of a known hypersensitivity.
Acetylcysteine may be inactivated by activated charcoal. Use caution with nitroglycerin.
Do not delay administration of acetylcysteine in cats with acetaminophen ingestion due to their rapid development of methemoglobinemia after acetaminophen ingestion.
Should be administered by gastric or duodenal tube in toxicity treatments. Use with caution in pets with liver or kidney disease.
Plumb’s Veterinary Drug Handbook
Pfizer - Acetylcysteine
Disclaimer
The information contained on this page is for educational purposes only. This medication should only be given under the advice of a veterinarian who has examined your pet under the laws applicable to your state of residence.